![]() ![]() ![]() The abyss the country is facing is difficult to avoid, given the convergence of such real factors as the acute economic crisis, the still-open wounds after decades of armed conflict, international interests and the strength of the military actors in the conflict. There does not seem to be any ideological component behind this intention beyond the material gain.5 This is, in a sense, an attempt to flee from a bad situation because behind its apparent objective lies, among other motivations, the avoidance of responsibility for actions such as the massacres in Darfur, for which the leaders of both groups have been accused.6 The aim of both SAF and RSF is to maintain control over the power structure. Open fighting broke out on 15 April and its epicentre of destruction is the capital, Khartoum. This scenario is being disrupted by the armed conflict between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) led by Abdelfatha al Burhan, and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) led by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemeti. The Republic of Sudan is currently in a so-called transitional phase towards elections in 2024, following the overthrow of the dictatorship of Omar al-Bashir, with a civilian-military government led by Prime Minister Abdallah Hamdok and the Sovereign Council. While it is, therefore, a country with a historical succession of inequalities and struggles, the current one stands out as one of the most virulent socio-economic crises in its history. Notably, in the political sphere, the last decades of the country's recent history have seen alternation between multi-party parliamentary systems and dictatorships, punctuated by numerous armed conflicts, not only between North and South Sudan, with the milestone of South Sudan's independence in 2011, but also between regions in the North in competition for resources and along ethnic, socio-cultural and religious divides.4
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